Weekly Avgus Treasury

SYSTEMS FOR THE COLLECTION OF RAINWATER

In Western countries, from a census made in 2004 , the average per capita consumption of water is about 280 liters per day . Where possible, plant with simple measures, more than half could be from non-potable water. For all uses which do not require direct contact with water and food the person can resort to the use of rain water, conveniently collected and distributed, with obvious economic benefits for users avoiding unnecessary wastage of drinking water (irrigation, toilets, car washing, laundry, etc.)..

Telcom offers Pluvium products through a complete range of systems suitable for the collection, storage and distribution of rain water for all users (single-family homes, condominiums, hotels), both in the public sector in industry (water rainwater can be integrated into various production processes, cooling, cleaning, etc ...).

Examples of use Rainwater:

• drain the toilet, with the greatest potential for saving 20% \u200b\u200brain water is almost devoid of limestone, for which no favors training.
• irrigation of green areas. Rainwater is ideal for watering flowers and plants, promotes the absorption of minerals and nutrients.
• Laundry: the rain water is very sweet and contains little calcium and magnesium, elements that have an affect on the solubilization of detergents and the functioning and durability of the machine.
• Cleaning: washing floors, cars, machinery, etc. ...
• Many industrial uses.
  

Why Pluvium

Among the virtues and advantages of our system of collecting rainwater is evident that:

• systems are fully integrated .
• plants are sold turnkey, complete with the necessary accessories for installation and use.
• saving money and time for installation and operation.
• assured recovery of the stored water.

collection systems Pluvium by Telcom , each identified by the capacity of the tank used, essentially comprise:

• The preparation for the collection of roof water via pipeline from individual rain;
• filtration, which is essential to remove foreign particles in suspension (leaves, debris, soil, ...);
• Storage in underground tanks, away from sunlight, such as to ensure good water conditions for a long time avoiding the development of algae, bacteria and unpleasant odors
• Distribution submersible pumps or external self-priming pumps, fitted with a float ball that allows them to aspire to 15 cm from the surface, where the water is clean.

HOW TO MAKE THE CHOICE PLANT

Before the installation of rainwater collection systems for Pluvium by Telcom is advisable to size the storage tank in a fair compromise between water needs and availability in annual rainfall. Install a water tank with high capacity is not too convenient for both economic reasons and because, since there is a frequent water change, you might have, over time, a deterioration in the quality of the jab.

Pluvium collection systems differ in two types of systems:

• PUMP SYSTEM EXTERNAL
• SYSTEM PUMP INTERNAL

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From 1 January renewable mandatory in new buildings

Permission to build upon the installation of facilities that produce at least 1 kW per unit

Municipalities have had until 1 January 2010 to include in their building regulations requirement to provide housing units and industrial buildings for new construction of energy from renewable sources that can ensure production of at least 1 kW.

The Financial 2008, stated that, to the granting of planning permission, building regulations provide for new buildings, the installation of renewable energy installations and set a January 2009 deadline for municipalities ( read more ); Later, the L. 14/2009 , converting Decree 207/2008 "Milleproroghe" has deferred to 1 January 2010 (read more ).

The rule amends Article 4, paragraph 1-bis of the Consolidated Building (DPR 380/2001) in building regulations by providing that, in order to obtain of planning permission for new buildings, both for the installation of plants for the production of electricity from renewable sources, in order to ensure energy production not less than 1 kW for each unit, consistent with the feasibility technical assistance. For industrial buildings, surface extension of not less than 100 square meters, the minimum energy output is 5 kW.

According to the report "Innovation in energy municipal building regulations", edited by Legambiente Cresme and in collaboration with Saie Energy, the use of renewable sources is already binding in 406 municipalities and the requirement of installation of 1 kW of PV per unit was implemented in 135 municipalities (read more ).

The Puglia Region maintained at 1 January 2009 deadline for inclusion in building codes of the obligation to provide for the issuing of building permits for new buildings, installing plants for the production of electricity from renewable sources (read more ).

Recently, the City of Rome has included in its Building Regulations, the rule that new buildings shall be provided with power plants fueled by renewable sources, the hot water will be provided, at least 50%, from solar panels and each apartment will have to produce renewable energy in relation to its surface (see all ).

remember, finally, that the agreement reached November 17 between European Parliament and the Council for the revision of Directive CE/91/2002 on energy efficiency in buildings, provides that all buildings constructed from 1 January 2021 must have high standards of energy efficiency and their energy needs will be covered to an extent very significant sources (read more ).

Source: Edilportale

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Deduction 55%: transmittance new limits for 2010

set for the windows higher values \u200b\u200bthan those in force since 1 January. Received requests Uncsaal

27/01/2010 - The Ministry of Economic Development has developed a decree changing the limits of thermal transmittance of windows required in 2010 to access tax deductions 55% for the redevelopment of buildings.

recall that on 1 January 2010 entered into force the new limits transmittance U fixed by DM March 11, 2008, implementing the 2008 Budget, more stringent than those in force until the end of 2009 (read more ).
To take advantage of the deduction of 55%, in fact, until December 31, 2009 must respect the limits that the Decree No. 192/2005 (as amended by Decree No. 311/2006) fissacome mandatory for everyone (regardless of deductions tax) from 1 January 2010. From 1 January 2010 values \u200b\u200bhave been set even lower.

Ministerial Decree issued just changed the values, following the issuance of the decrees of the Legislative Decree 192/2005 (Presidential Decree 59/2009 and Guidelines for energy certification) and experience of application of these years. The MSE was therefore considered appropriate to recalibrate the technical requirements for the eligibility of tax incentives and overcome some problems concerning the implementation of Sections 344 and 345 of the 2007 Budget.

In particular, we have raised the values \u200b\u200bfor the climate zones E and F (one of which is a large part of the territory
Italian) and lower ones for areas A and B (affecting some areas of the South).

The decree granted the requests made by Uncsaal compliance with the limits for the current year indicated by the 2008 Budget, the limits that threatened to penalize consumers who are forced to buy windows iperperformanti, and therefore more expensive, even if it is not necessary to ensure a balanced thermal performance.

Below is a table with the limits for opening and closing similar:

source: Edilportale

Climate Zone	Limits in force since 1 January 2010 (DM 11/03/2008 )	limits set by DM just adopted
A	3.9	3.7
B	2.6	2,4
C	2,1	2,1
D	2,0	2,0
E	1,6	1.8
F	1.4	1.6

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Consolidated Security: Handbook and checklist for employers

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21/01/2010 The Autonomous Province of Trento and the Trentino Health Service have produced a document entitled "Handbook for Employers."
The guide provides information on the responsibilities of all the figures out by the Legislative Decree no. 81/08 (workers, managers, supervisors, RSPP, physicians, RLS, etc.)..
In particular, the employer will find all the obligations, and those can not be delegated (risk assessment, description of the RSPP, etc..), And those delegated defined by art. 16 and 18. Among
delegated functions include, for example:

• the appointment of a qualified doctor and the appointment of officers for the implementation of emergency measures;
• providing protective equipment (PPE);
• information and staff training;
• processing the document referred to in Article 26 (DUVRI)
• consultation of RLS and the convening of the regular meeting.

The document contains a large pro-memory requirements of the employer relating to:

• implementation and verification of their implementation interventions
• information and training of health surveillance
• personal protective equipment (PPE)
• emergency measures
• document risk assessment interference (DUVRI)

Annexed to the handbook is also proposed a checklist for verification of the employer.

source: Acca biblus-net

• Click here to download the "Guide for Employers" Prevention and Protection Unit of the Autonomous Province of Trento
• Click here to download the "Checklist of minimal employer" the Nucleo Prevention and Protection of the Autonomous Province of Trento

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The earthquakes in the world in real time on-net BibLus

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21/01/2010 On-net site is published BibLus the map showing the earthquakes that occurred worldwide in the last 7 days.
The information provided in real time USGS (United States Geologichal Survey), are related to earthquakes located directly from USGS or networks connected.
Seismic events are displayed in the map within 30 minutes while recording the displayed data is updated at a frequency of 5 minutes.
clicking a window on the single event information with the main event (magnitude, date, time, epicentral depth, etc.). And a link to further investigation directly to the USGS website.
The map shows the boundaries of the plates, with information on the direction and magnitude of the shift.

Click here to see immediately map

source: acca.it

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Deduction 55%: online software

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07/01/2010 The Decree introduced the obligation of Anti-Crisis communicate to the Revenue details of the work for which it intends to use the deduction of 55% (energy regeneration) that continue beyond the period of tax (for individuals coincides with the calendar year).
The first reports must be sent to the Agency of revenue, only electronically, by March 31 2010, indicating the expenditure incurred in 2009, when such works are not already completed by December 31, 2009.
The Inland Revenue has made available the software "Communication for redevelopment energy" that allows the compilation and reporting of the communication.
The communication may be transmitted electronically from January 4, 2010.

Who is required to submit the model of communication?
Taxpayers performing an energy improvement must send the template only when the work continue beyond the tax year in which they started to communicate expenses incurred during the tax years preceding the year in which the works are completed.
The model should be used to communicate the costs incurred from fiscal year 2009.
entities other than individuals with taxable year does not coincide with the calendar year, must submit the statement with reference to costs incurred from fiscal year following the year in progress at December 31, 2008.
Therefore, communication should not be sent in the following cases: •
for work undertaken and completed in the same calendar year by individuals (or other taxpayers for which the tax period coincides with the calendar year)
• for work undertaken and completed in the same taxable year by persons other than individuals with taxable year does not coincide with the calendar year;
• for the period or periods in which tax costs are not incurred.
For interventions whose work continues in several tax years, a model must be submitted for each tax period.

Click here to download the software directly from the Inland Revenue

source: acca biblus-net

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AURANOX ®: THE TILE THAT SMOG

Performance building system
Titanium dioxide, because of its innate qualities of a photocatalyst, when exposed to sunlight, can trigger a process of autodegradazione of pollutants, particularly oxides of nitrogen contained in the processes of combustion of petroleum products. A speech
simple in theory but complex in practice. The tiles Auranox fact, in the presence of exhaust gases produced by boilers, industrial equipment and vehicles thanks to convert sunlight into smog inert salts that are washed out by rain.
The new technology also does not wear off over time its beneficial effect to the environment, but continues to operate throughout the life of the roof.
The tile also showed, after two years of installation, aesthetic qualities remarkable, since the titanium dioxide makes the roof surface self-cleaning and resistant to mold and fungi of all types, ensuring the unchanging beauty for many years. In terms of color coverage, in warm shades of brown Greek Cup Terra Umbra, integrates seamlessly with the surrounding environment in any way without distorting the aesthetics of the home, but increases the value of the fine details.

Commonly used as a component in plastic industry products, textiles and cosmetics, is also known as a catalyst, a substance that is involved in a chemical reaction by increasing the speed or reduced without alteration.

The application of technology Auranox ^® on the tile surface allows a "self cleaning".
organic substances, which inevitably settle on the cover are in fact transformed into carbon dioxide and water through the process of photo-oxidation, thus preventing the formation of algae and mosses.

AURANOX ® photocatalyst oxidize pollutants

Through a process of photo-oxidation, the new surface AURANOX ^®
of Wierer turns harmful nitrogen oxides (NO x ), the main components of air pollution in common inorganic salts.

LABORATORY TESTS Laboratory tests were conducted on a sample of the tile surface Auranox ^® introduced in a test chamber. The graph shows the results of tests performed.

The pollutant NO x inevitable product of any combustion process, is introduced into the chamber providing a steady stream over time.
The power of a light source of adequate intensity enables the activation of Auranox ®.
In a relatively short period of time, Auranox ® is able to reduce 90% of the pollutants thus demonstrating its effectiveness. Subsequent tests have shown that switching off the light source results in an immediate increase in the concentration of NO x as evidence of the new anti-smog Wierer tile.

In the presence of light the surface of smog pollutants Wierer eliminates about 4 times more than a traditional tile.

Intervention
The first in Italy to install roof tiles with cement the addition of titanium dioxide is Bertinoro in the province of Forli-Cesena, just a few kilometers away from the production of Wierer that supplies for more than thirty years and part of Emilia Romagna in central Italy.
coverage of semi-detached house, which covers 200 square meters, represents the first application of the impressive project that led to the birth of Auranox , the tile eco-activities that make smog in inert salts pollutants.
With this system it was possible to transform and eliminate over a year, the Euro IV emission of pollutants by a car mid-sized assuming an average distance of about 18,000 km per year.

source: Monier Div Wierer

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neutralizes the 2010 budget and building

building measures contained in the text of the Budget Law for 2010.

The Finance Act 2010, the bill entitled Provisions for the formation of the annual budget and multi-state , and 'was definitively approved by the Senate December 22, 2009 and contains as usual, a series of measures concerning the construction industry, which is worth analyzing in detail.

The bill provides for the extension of the deadline for the revaluation of agricultural land and building owned by private individuals as of January 1, 2010. This revaluation
provides for the payment of a substitute tax income tax equal to 4% of the restated areas be paid by October 31, 2010.

Payment can be made in three equal annual installments amount including the availability of interest at 3%. In this case, the deadlines are: October 31, 2010 for the first installment, October 31, 2011 for the second installment, October 31, 2012 for the third.

To make the revaluation of land, on which the tax will apply then replacement is necessary to prepare a technical an appraisal, with an oath in court , by the same date of October 31, 2010.

As regards housing, the law also provides for the extension of the tax deduction 36% for building work on apartments and common parts of buildings.
More precisely, the tax of 36% is extended for the nterventi recovery existing buildings to be completed by December 31, 2012 as renovation, restoration and maintenance.

The one-year extension is also valid for those who buy homes from companies that have restructured. The deduction apply the 25% of the purchase price up to a total of 48,000 euro and two conditions must be met: the renovations have been carried out between 1 January 2008 and December 31, 2012 and deed must be concluded by June 30, 2013.

the scheme should then finally I VA at 10% for routine maintenance and extraordinary , then it will not be a temporary measure, but final.
This rule implements the Directive 2009/47/EC with which the EU has authorized Member States to apply reduced VAT rates for those services, as defined a d labor-intensive, such as in Italy, are just that type of work.
facilitated VAT applies to the performance of work that the supply of goods and materials, provided they do not constitute a significant part of the value of the work.

To compensate for the loss of revenue due to the abolition of ICI first home, the municipalities are intended to € 1.776 billion, of which € 760 million in claims for 2009, € 760 million in claims on 2010 , and 156 million euro in respect to 2008.

any extension in contrast, is scheduled for incentives 55% tax energy for redevelopment of existing buildings.

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arch. Carmen Granata

source: Lavorincasa

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Photovoltaic Incentives and Concessions for

Install a photovoltaic system and today 'more' economic incentives through the Energy Account.

The enables photovoltaic technology to convert energy from the sun into electrical energy ready for use at home.

The physical principle upon which this technology is a consequence of ' photoelectric effect for which, when the molecular structure of a material is affected by light radiation, free electrons that the electrically charged.
This effect reaches its maximum in conductive materials such as silicon, which are manufactured with the most modules. Today

PV technology has reached a level of development that makes it easily accessible to all. is also possible to produce electricity even during sunny little, so that the PV is very common in a country that has low sunlight as Germany.

Photovoltaic

A photovoltaic system consists of:

- form ;
- inverter;
- counters.

In the case of an island system are also needed energy storage. The plant

connected to the network provides for the release of the current produced by the modules directly to the network, passing through a meter that quantifies the output for the approval of incentives, and is the most convenient for households.
In the absence of a direct connection to the network using public facilities such as an island or stand alone, with which you can store the energy in batteries or accumulators .
This implies higher spending.
E 'can, however, a mixed solution which provides for the presence of a small battery connected to the network next to the plant, to be used in case of blackouts .

The solar module converts then the light source in current that is sent, depending on the type of plant, or to the battery to the inverter that transforms it into 220V to enter the network.

The photovoltaic modules are composed of cells linked together and glued onto a glass plate, usually enclosed in a frame. Most cells are produced with mono or polycrystalline silicon . They are distinguished by the fact that those in single-crystal silicon are of uniform color, while the polycrystalline silicon play an iridescent appearance.
The power of a module is measured in Watt peak (Wp) .

Schüco photovoltaic modules

Schüco PV modules produce standard mono and polycrystalline whose efficiency reaches 14.5%.
This percentage indicates the amount of incident sunlight that is converted into current. But

Schüco also produces monocrystalline silicon modules of large size, the L ine Premium , who sizes up to 2.69 m , and unable to reach a capacity almost double that standard, ca. 370 Wp.
These modules can be combined with dormers or collectors Premium


I thin film have a layer of amorphous silicon and are distinguished by their high performance even in critical conditions such as high temperature, diffuse light and orientation is not optimal.
CIS modules Schüco, however, contain no silicon, but are based copper, indium and selenium .


Schüco modules have a power tolerance only positive from 0 to +5% . This means that the power rating is always achieved and exceeded.
An example may clarify what is referred to: a module rated at 200 Watt with a positive tolerance of 3% on average can generate up to 206 watts.

Schüco is performed on each form the so-called flash- test that involves exposing the module to a beam of light in standard environmental conditions and measure performance metrics. These same data are then shown on the label on the back of the module and are therefore directly from the installer that is verifiable by the customer.

The advantages of a tight only positive from 0 to +5% are reflected in an increase in payback for the user receiving modules with a power greater than that paid for and recover faster than its investment due to tariffs of the Energy Bill. company, because they have the same characteristics and dimensions.

Incentives for PV

Install a photovoltaic system is certainly quite expensive, but now the operation is facilitated by a series of economic incentives.
First, it is a type of work that can take advantage of ' reduced VAT rates to 10% .

Within 60 days after the end of the work, then you can request New Energy Bill, through which the energy produced is awarded by Electrical Services Manager, which provides the incentive rates for each kWh produced.

The energy can be sold or used according to the mechanism of metering .
This system is to yield to the energy network and then use it for their own consumption only at a later time.

A first counter that calculates the energy produced is paid according to tariffs, the second counts the energy used to pay your supplier.
The GSE also includes a contribution for their own consumption: and then the charges will add up the bill repayments.

E ' Importantly, the Energy Bill rewards with the higher rate (0.48 € / kWh) of power plants up to 3 kWh that has qualities of architectural integration .
The law provides for additional contributions for those restructures its property with solutions aimed at saving .

Thanks to agreements with Schüco Prestitempo , a division of Deutsche Bank Group specialized in consumer credit, you can get a loan can also cover the initial cost of installation.

But already we see how they work incentives with a concrete example. A family

four-person consumes an average of 3500 kWh per year, equivalent to about € 630 bill. A 2.5 kWp photovoltaic system in central Italy produces about 3500 kWh per year.

Each kWh produced by a plant partially integrated into the roof and onto the wire is paid by the GSE € 0.431 mode metering. So for a production of 3500 kWh is derived from a GSE € 1508. Also be reimbursed by the GSE € 630 bill paid by bank, with a rate linked to the consumption. The total economic benefit
will be approximately € 2138 .

If the system is paid through a 100% funding for a period of 10 years , the annual economic benefit of € 2138 (resulting in savings of € 630 + € 1,508 bill paid by the GSE) cover the rate of fully funding . From the 10th year onwards, the owner will receive the full earnings of the plant for a total of about € 2050/anno .

Schüco Warranty

Schüco PV modules are produced according to the most high quality standards to ensure excellent performance and durability over time. In fact, the Schüco modules are designed to last up to 35-40 years .
The use of extremely resistant materials, and controls the modules are tested in production ensure maximum performance and efficiency levels .
To get an idea, think that the forms are submitted to a minimum of 16 tests, including that of resistance to loads and hail , stress test on the environmental and mechanical tests and the effect hot spot .

Schüco makes' s investment in a PV system is still safer. In fact, customers who install a photovoltaic system consists of modules, inverters and mounting structures Schüco, you may ask for the ' extension to 10 years warranty on parts . The guarantee includes all Schüco photovoltaic modules (Premium, Standard and poly crystalline, amorphous), Schüco inverter and mounting structures.

The procedure for requesting the extension of the guarantee is simple and fast especially no additional fee. The Schüco Partner nearest provide support for the practice and will forward the documentation to the office in charge of Schüco International Italy. With Schüco you can have a single point of contact for all system components.

source: Lavorincasa

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reduce energy consumption

The Italian construction industry has struggled to understand the need to adapt their homes to the standards of energy saving In fact, inefficient home heating and air conditioning are among the main sources of waste 'energy, resulting in increased environmental pollution.

Drawing on well-established models made in the Nordic countries, it is now possible to build a passive house which employs 90% less energy than the average European households, and 80% less power compared to modern house standard that meets the most advanced building codes.

The buildings, even those carried out recently, have ignored the rules to limit heat loss, making it the largest sinks of energy.

Recent statistics have showed that a Italian family , consisting of three persons increased from an annual consumption of 1800Kwh of 1980 to almost 3000 kWh today, this means not only an increase gas emissions, but also in a significant increase in electricity bills .

latter figure is even more worrying, given that our country has a dependency energetizzazione days to about 70% of its requirements.

From the research carried out two thirds of this consumption could be reduced through interventions insulation, replacement of doors and windows with thermal break, replacement of heating and cooling equipment with modern, low energy consumption.

And then here the usefulness of governmental incentives crisis passed under the decree which provides for tax relief for those who use technical measures to reduce energy consumption. The
deductions related to energy savings, deals with the buildings belonging to any category register, including rural properties including instrumental activities of companies.

can take advantage not only individuals but also owners of a building's tenants and beneficial life, societies, associations of professionals and entrepreneurs.

All aspiring to the bonus must be, as from 1 June to 31 December of each year to electronically request a special Agency of revenue, according to a model prepared by the agency and published site agency entrate.gov.it .

The agency examines instances in chronological order Sending and only communicates by computer, within 30 days of receipt, the verification, the use of the deduction is subject to receipt of consent by the Agency itself.

L ' consent means not provided expiration of 30 days of filing the without explicit communication of the acceptance by the Inland Revenue.
Four types of intervention relief grants in each of which is to operate on a maximum deduction of 55%, and then a specific maximum amount deductible of between 30,000 and 100,000, namely:

Replacement of winter heating systems with condensing boilers, or with systems equipped with high efficiency heat pumps or equipment with reduced heat loss, and tuning of the distribution, in this case, it is a deduction of up to 30,000 Euros, or 55% of a total expenditure not exceeding € 54,545.45.

Installation of solar panels for hot water, not only domestic but also industrial, as well as swimming pools, sports facilities, nursing homes, schools and universities. The maximum cost benefit is equal to 109,090 euro, and therefore the maximum deduction is due to € 60,000;

Posts on walls, windows, doors, roofs and floors , from which result in energy savings, even here the maximum allowance payable is € 60,000;

speeches structural for the rehabilitation of buildings, which aim to reduce by at least 20% of energy requirements for heating, the maximum deduction amounted to € 100,000, 55% of a total expenditure not exceeding € 181.818.18.

Within 90 days after the end of work must be submitted electronically Enea in the copy of ' certificate of qualification or energy (no longer necessary for the replacement of windows and fixtures and when installing solar panels for hot water) and the information relating to activities performed.

E ' also need to acquire and retain the certificate observation prepared by a qualified engineer, to demonstrate that the intervention carried out, meets the technical requirements prescribed by the rules.

I taxpayers who do not hold business income should pay the fees by bank check, which shall state the reason for payment, the beneficiary of the deduction of the tax code and batch number vat tax code or the company or professional who has performed this work.

For recipients of business income are not obliged to pay by bank transfer, in various ways are also provided incentives for the purchase equipment and appliances in general accordance with the classes A + and AA are characterized by low energy consumption.

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arch. Francesco Oliva
source: Lavorincasa

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renewables obligation Ventilated roof

From 1 January 2010 should be amended to municipal building regulations.

With the beginning of 2010 and 'came into force a requirement in cases of new construction, installing plants producing electricity from renewable sources. This requirement was initially set the date of 1 January 2009 in Law 244/2007 , the so called Finanziaria 2008, art. 1, paragraph 289, which modified the paragraph 1-bis of article 4 of the Uniform Building DPR 380/2001 introducing in the structure of municipal building regulations, compulsory for buildings to new construction , install plants for the production of electricity from renewable sources able to guarantee at least 1 kW per unit , otherwise failure to issue the Building Permit.

The rule in question, in the aim of balancing energy resources, stipulated that, for industrial buildings less than 100 square meters of area, the requirement of energy production from renewable sources was at least equal to 5kW . Subsequently, the notorious Decree milleproroghe did this slip term the date of 1 January 2010 . Ahead of its time limits, some regions had already introduced rules relating to this requirement and waterfall, as well as some municipalities within these regions were already adequate. regional

What, in practice, the consequences and implications of this effect? First, the architectural plans attached to requests for building permits will be required to attach the plant project, which demonstrates the technical solutions chosen to meet the requirement of the law, you can easily argue that the Chapter VI of Decree 380 / 2001, incorporating provisions contained in Law 10/91, introduced the obligation to provide the Immigration Office plant project on renewable energy, but so far had the rare case of building regulations that tie his this duty to issue the Building Permit, just because they do not specifically prescribed by national laws.

It 'important that the' adjustment of municipal building regulations is particularly careful and detailed , possibly linked to the NTA of urban plans in force or in the pipeline so as to specify in sufficient detail the areas where the installation requirements are clearly given, and under what technical conditions, so as to reduce conflict with other Members of the licensing bodies (on all the Superintendents): Settlements with the possible integration of graphics boards identification of the isolates and actions agreed maybe advance concerted with all stakeholders in a conference service, they could easily remedy such a problem.

From a commercial perspective, the existence of a statutory requirement of this nature further opens the market for technologies and products applied to renewable energy, creating an induced economy. In contrast, assessing the implications landscape and impact on the area , however trivial it may seem, is to be hoped that the designers of future operations subject to the regulation in question must know how to make this an incentive to find solutions to integrate plant that they become same architecture, rather than simply adding technology emergence as unconnected with the context and with the project. contextually related to supplies and skilled workers, have a positive point of view of '

From this point of view, of course, have a look at what has been achieved for years in countries of northern Europe, decades in advance of us, can only be enrichment for all engineers involved, without exception.

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arch. Silvio Indigo
source: Lavorincasa

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The formation of a gap in coverage ventilation improves the heat and humidity of the environment below

One of the problems face when you want to transform an existing attic into a habitable building, and 'welfare to ensure an adequate temperature, humidity, preventing condensation in winter and excessive heat in summer.

This is an issue that often faces in the building because many regional regulations allow the transformation of existing roofs in local civilian housing.

A possible solution may be represented by the construction of a ventilated roof. In fact, according to UNI 9460, the formation of a cavity ventilation should be mandatory in the construction of any pitched roof with wooden or concrete reinforced to ensure the appropriate temperature and humidity characteristics.

To ensure proper roof insulation is essential therefore the presence of an air ventilation of a uniform thickness throughout the flap, which allows to improve the performance of any layer of insulating material , thereby saving about 40% of the energy needed.

The creation of a roof ventilation is not particularly complex: it is not necessary to rebuild the whole structure but only one is sufficient rifarne part.

To achieve this type of structure overlapping layers of different materials. Beginning at the bottom layers consist of:

- structure;

- vapor barrier;

- insulating panel;

- sheath of air tightness and water;

- roofing.

between it and the sheath should be localized layer of ventilation, however, always placed between the thermal insulation and sealing layer.

There are several construction techniques, but the more traditional one involves the coupling of sealing elements such as shingles, tiles or tiles, for un'orditura perforated to ensure adequate ventilation under the tiles.

The presence of an air cavity facilitate the improvement of internal conditions because, in the summer, the motions convettivicondensa and can cause damage to the insulating layer and structures. forming, prevent the formation of the hood of heat generated under the roof covering, while in winter prevent the accumulation of moisture that is generated over time

In summer the air in 'cavity warms due to solar radiation. The temperature difference creates air currents that bring warm air to escape from the ridge, while the cooler enters through the eave vents. This movement reduces the heat produced by the tiles on the environment below, the effect of ventilation and because they are not in direct contact with insulation.

This effect is important, if we consider that, in summer, the tiles can reach a surface temperature of 70 ° - 80 ° C.

In winter, the temperature difference between inside and outside in the formation of water vapor tends to escape through the building envelope, determining the effect of the presence of condensing layers of insulation. In this case the presence of an airy encourages the disposal of water vapor and better distribution of internal heat.

interspace thickness depends on the technical characteristics of the roof, as the type of coverage, length and slope of the aquifer, but also the weather conditions of the site. It must not have cross battens or other elements that may limit the upward flow of hot air.

The realization of air vents at the ridge of the roof involves the interruption of coverage and can cause water infiltration that can cause damage to the insulating layer of the structure.

To prevent this infiltration the vents must be aligned with the ridge, then placed in the areas of the roof where the air flow is always directed from the inside out.

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arch. Carmen Granata

source: Lavorincasa

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